Battery Energy Storage Cost
bess-argonne-v2024 · batpac_native
$68
USD per kWh · LFP pack
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What's Inside a Battery Pack?
Explore cathode chemistry, cell components, thermal management & supply chain
Cost History & Outlook
Modeled benchmark history for the selected chemistry. Future roadmap points are shown as a dashed line.
68 $/kWh
0.0% vs 2025
Historical benchmark
Predicted / roadmap
Solid line shows modeled benchmark history up to the selected year. Dashed line shows roadmap or forecast points beyond the selected year.
Key Stats
Model
bess-argonne-v2024
Live coverage
29% live
Pack cost
$68/kWh
Reference
71% reference
Conversion Index
Finished BESS pack cost divided by a bottom-up material and hardware basket derived from BatPaC stage components. The gap captures assembly labor, formation, testing, and the rest of the conversion layer.
1.4x
finished cost / base cost
Bottom-up material basket
$49 /kWh
Finished Cost
$68 /kWh
Assembly / conversion layer
$19 /kWh
Base Share
72.1%
Biggest driver: Cathode Active Material (LFP) - Cathode ($15 /kWh)
29% live · 71% reference · Bottom-up engineering cost (not market selling price)
Cost Waterfall
Stage Breakdown
cathode22.9%
$15.6
active Material$15.0
binder$0.5
additive$0.1
anode17.1%
$11.6
active Material$10.4
cu Foil$1.0
binder$0.2
cell Components5.7%
$3.9
electrolyte$3.0
separator$0.8
al Foil$0.1
cell Assembly17.6%
$12.0
electrode Coating$4.0
cell Assembly$3.5
formation Cycling$3.0
quality Testing$1.5
pack36.7%
$25.0
housing$6.0
bms$5.0
thermal Management$4.0
module Labor$4.0
wiring$3.0
Material Breakdown
0.1% of pack cost (tracked materials subset)Tracked materials shown here are a subset of the full bottom-up basket, so totals may not sum to the base basket.
| Material | Price | $/kWh | Share | +10% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu Copper BMS wiring, busbars | $6.47 | $0.02 | 0.0% | +$0.002 | |
| Fe Steel (HRC) Battery rack enclosure | $1,130 | $0.01 | 0.0% | +$0.002 | |
| Li Lithium Carbonate LFP/NMC cathode active material | $20.68 | $0.01 | 0.0% | +$0.001 | |
| LiPF6 Battery Electrolyte Cell electrolyte solution | $10.00 | $0.01 | 0.0% | +$0.001 | |
| C Graphite Anode active material | $1.20 | $0.01 | 0.0% | +$0.001 | |
| FePO4 Iron Phosphate LFP cathode precursor | $3.50 | $0.00 | 0.0% | +$0.000 | |
| Mn Manganese LFP cathode precursor | $4,850 | $0.00 | 0.0% | +$0.000 | |
| Total Materials | $0.06 | 0.1% | |||